Shanghai to LAX Flight Time: 12-15 Hours Direct


Shanghai to LAX Flight Time: 12-15 Hours Direct

The period of a journey by air between Shanghai Pudong Worldwide Airport (PVG) and Los Angeles Worldwide Airport (LAX) is a major issue for vacationers. This period is influenced by a number of parts, together with the particular route taken, climate circumstances, air visitors management, and the kind of plane. Direct flights usually vary from 12 to fifteen hours, whereas connecting flights can considerably prolong journey time.

Understanding the standard size of this transpacific route is essential for planning. It permits vacationers to arrange for the journey, handle jet lag, and schedule connecting flights or floor transportation successfully. Historic information on flight durations helps predict potential delays and informs selections about airline selections. This info is especially priceless for enterprise vacationers, households with younger youngsters, and people with time-sensitive itineraries.

This understanding offers a basis for exploring associated subjects resembling optimum flight routes, airline comparisons, journey ideas for long-haul flights, and techniques for minimizing the consequences of jet lag. Additional exploration can delve into the historic improvement of this air route, the evolution of plane expertise impacting journey time, and future projections for this key connection between Asia and North America.

1. Direct Flights

Direct flights characterize a important consideration when inspecting journey period between Shanghai and Los Angeles. For transpacific journeys of this distance, the supply and traits of direct flights considerably affect general journey time and passenger expertise.

  • Time Financial savings

    Direct flights get rid of the time spent throughout layovers, together with deplaning, ready in transit, and boarding a connecting flight. This can lead to substantial time financial savings, usually a number of hours, in comparison with itineraries involving a number of connections. For time-sensitive vacationers, selecting a direct flight provides a transparent benefit.

  • Decreased Complexity

    Direct flights simplify the journey course of. Passengers keep away from navigating unfamiliar airports, transferring baggage between flights, and probably encountering delays or missed connections. This streamlined expertise can cut back stress and enhance the general ease of journey, notably for these unfamiliar with worldwide journey.

  • Impression on Jet Lag

    Whereas the general flight period stays important, a direct flight can contribute to mitigating the consequences of jet lag. A single, steady flight permits for a extra constant sleep schedule and minimizes disruptions, probably easing the adjustment to a brand new time zone upon arrival.

  • Premium Pricing

    Direct flights usually command a premium value in comparison with connecting flights as a result of comfort and time financial savings they provide. Vacationers should weigh the cost-benefit of the time saved in opposition to the doubtless increased fare. This issue turns into notably related for budget-conscious vacationers or these with versatile schedules.

The supply and traits of direct flights between Shanghai and Los Angeles considerably affect the general journey expertise. Whereas direct flights provide benefits by way of time effectivity, simplicity, and potential jet lag discount, the upper price related to this comfort should be thought of throughout the broader context of particular person journey wants and priorities.

2. Connecting Flights

Connecting flights characterize a major issue influencing general journey time between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Whereas probably providing price financial savings, connecting itineraries introduce complexities and issues that instantly affect the period and expertise of transpacific journeys.

  • Layover Length and Location

    Layover durations can vary from as little as one hour to a number of hours, considerably impacting whole journey time. The placement of the layover additionally influences the general expertise, with some airports providing extra facilities and conveniences throughout prolonged waits. Layovers in smaller airports would possibly contain restricted choices for eating, buying, or resting, impacting passenger consolation throughout lengthy journeys.

  • Potential for Delays and Missed Connections

    Connecting flights introduce the danger of delays cascading via the itinerary. A delay on the preliminary leg can result in a missed connection, requiring rebooking and probably extending the general journey time considerably. Vacationers ought to take into account the potential for delays, notably throughout peak seasons or intervals of inclement climate, when choosing connecting flights.

  • Baggage Dealing with and Switch

    Checked baggage sometimes requires switch between plane throughout connecting flights. This course of introduces the potential for mishandling or delays in baggage arrival on the remaining vacation spot. Vacationers ought to think about potential baggage-related points when assessing the general effectivity of connecting flights.

  • Price Issues and Airline Partnerships

    Connecting flights steadily provide decrease fares in comparison with direct choices, making them enticing to budget-conscious vacationers. Airline partnerships and alliances usually play a task in connecting flight itineraries, permitting passengers to mix segments from completely different carriers. Understanding these partnerships may help vacationers navigate reserving processes and optimize for price financial savings.

The choice to decide on a connecting flight versus a direct flight includes a trade-off between price financial savings and potential complexities. Cautious consideration of layover durations, potential delays, baggage dealing with, and airline partnerships is important for precisely assessing the affect on whole journey time between Shanghai and Los Angeles and managing expectations relating to the general journey expertise.

3. Common Length

Common flight period serves as a important benchmark for vacationers planning journeys between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Understanding this common offers a foundational reference level for managing expectations, scheduling connecting flights, and making ready for the general journey expertise. Whereas particular person flight instances range based mostly on particular elements, the common period provides priceless perception into typical journey lengths.

  • Direct Flight Baseline

    The common period of a direct flight between Shanghai and Los Angeles sometimes falls throughout the 12-15 hour vary. This baseline permits vacationers to estimate journey time effectively and plan accordingly. Direct flights get rid of the necessity for layovers, offering a extra predictable journey expertise, albeit usually at a premium price.

  • Connecting Flight Variability

    Connecting flights introduce higher variability in general journey time as a result of layover durations. Whereas shorter layovers can reduce extra time, longer layovers can considerably prolong the whole journey. Common durations for connecting flights should take into account the mixed flight instances and the scheduled layover, probably rising the whole journey time to 15-20 hours or extra.

  • Seasonal Influences and Route Optimization

    Differences due to the season, together with wind patterns and air visitors congestion, affect common flight durations. Airways usually regulate flight schedules and routes to optimize for these variations, impacting the standard time spent in transit. Vacationers ought to anticipate potential seasonal changes to common durations when planning their journeys.

  • Historic Knowledge and Predictive Modeling

    Historic flight information offers priceless perception into common durations and permits for predictive modeling of future flight instances. Airways and journey businesses leverage this information to supply vacationers with sensible expectations relating to journey size. Understanding historic traits can help vacationers in making knowledgeable selections about airline selections and journey dates.

The common period of a flight between Shanghai and Los Angeles serves as a priceless planning device. By contemplating the distinctions between direct and connecting flights, acknowledging seasonal influences, and leveraging historic information, vacationers can develop a extra correct understanding of anticipated journey time and handle their journeys successfully. This understanding kinds a important element of knowledgeable journey planning for this transpacific route.

4. Seasonal Variations

Differences due to the season play a major position in influencing flight instances between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Climate patterns, air visitors congestion, and airline scheduling changes contribute to fluctuations in journey period all year long. Understanding these seasonal influences permits vacationers to anticipate potential variations and plan accordingly.

  • Jet Stream Impression

    The jet stream, a high-altitude air present, considerably impacts transpacific flight instances. Throughout winter months, the jet stream strengthens and shifts southward, offering a tailwind for westbound flights from Shanghai to Los Angeles. This may cut back journey time. Conversely, eastbound flights from Los Angeles to Shanghai face headwinds, rising journey time. Summer time months usually witness a weaker, extra northerly jet stream, lessening its affect on flight durations in each instructions.

  • Climate Methods and Air Site visitors Management

    Seasonal climate patterns, resembling storm season within the Pacific, could cause flight delays and rerouting. Elevated air visitors throughout peak journey seasons, notably holidays and summer time months, may also contribute to congestion and potential delays. Air visitors management measures carried out to handle these conditions affect general flight instances and contribute to seasonal variability.

  • Airline Scheduling Practices

    Airways regulate flight schedules seasonally to accommodate fluctuating demand and operational issues. Elevated flight frequency throughout peak seasons can contribute to air visitors congestion, whereas decreased frequency throughout off-peak seasons would possibly result in fewer direct flight choices and probably longer journey instances as a result of connecting flights.

  • Airport Operations and Floor Delays

    Seasonal climate circumstances at each Shanghai and Los Angeles airports can affect floor operations, resulting in delays in departure and arrival instances. Excessive temperatures, heavy rain, or snow can have an effect on plane de-icing, baggage dealing with, and gate availability, contributing to variations in general journey time.

Contemplating differences due to the season is essential for correct journey planning between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Anticipating the affect of the jet stream, climate programs, airline scheduling, and airport operations permits vacationers to handle expectations relating to potential fluctuations in flight period and make knowledgeable selections based mostly on their particular person journey wants.

5. Wind Circumstances

Wind circumstances characterize a important issue influencing flight instances between Shanghai and Los Angeles. The prevailing winds at cruising altitudes, notably the jet stream, considerably affect plane pace and, consequently, the general period of transpacific flights. Understanding the affect of wind patterns is important for correct flight planning and managing expectations relating to journey time.

  • Jet Stream Impression

    The jet stream, a fast-flowing, high-altitude air present, flows from west to east throughout the Pacific Ocean. Westbound flights from Shanghai to Los Angeles usually profit from a tailwind supplied by the jet stream, lowering journey time. Conversely, eastbound flights from Los Angeles to Shanghai sometimes encounter headwinds, rising journey time. The power and place of the jet stream range seasonally, impacting the diploma to which it influences flight durations.

  • Headwinds and Tailwinds

    Headwinds, winds blowing in opposition to the course of flight, improve air resistance and cut back plane floor pace, leading to longer flight instances. Tailwinds, winds blowing within the course of flight, present an aiding pressure, rising floor pace and shortening flight instances. The affect of headwinds and tailwinds on journey period turns into notably important over lengthy distances, such because the transpacific route between Shanghai and Los Angeles.

  • Route Planning and Optimization

    Airways take into account prevailing wind circumstances when planning flight routes. Flight paths are sometimes adjusted to reap the benefits of tailwinds and reduce the affect of headwinds, optimizing for gasoline effectivity and journey time. Refined flight planning software program incorporates real-time climate information and wind forecasts to find out probably the most environment friendly routes.

  • Turbulence and Passenger Consolation

    Variations in wind pace and course can create turbulence, impacting passenger consolation throughout the flight. Whereas circuitously affecting general flight time, turbulence can necessitate changes to altitude and airspeed, probably influencing the period of the journey to a lesser diploma. Pilots prioritize passenger security and luxury when navigating turbulent circumstances.

Wind circumstances, particularly the affect of the jet stream and the presence of headwinds or tailwinds, instantly affect flight instances between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Airways leverage meteorological information and superior route planning methods to optimize for these circumstances, aiming to reduce journey time and maximize gasoline effectivity. Understanding the position of wind patterns contributes to a extra complete understanding of the elements influencing transpacific flight durations.

6. Air Site visitors Management

Air visitors management (ATC) performs an important position in figuring out flight instances between Shanghai and Los Angeles. ATC procedures and directives instantly affect plane routing, departure and arrival sequencing, and general airspace administration, influencing the period of transpacific journeys. Understanding the affect of ATC is important for comprehending the complexities of long-haul flight operations.

  • Departure Sequencing and Floor Delays

    ATC manages the departure sequence of plane at Shanghai Pudong Worldwide Airport (PVG). Throughout peak hours or intervals of excessive visitors quantity, plane would possibly expertise floor delays earlier than receiving clearance for takeoff. These delays contribute to general flight time and might affect connecting flight schedules. Environment friendly floor administration by ATC is essential for minimizing departure delays and making certain well timed departures.

  • En Route Routing and Airspace Administration

    ATC directs plane alongside established air routes throughout the Pacific Ocean. These routes are designed to optimize for gasoline effectivity, handle air visitors movement, and reduce the danger of mid-air collisions. Climate circumstances, airspace congestion, and different elements can necessitate route changes by ATC, probably impacting flight period. Dynamic routing selections by ATC contribute to the variability in flight instances between Shanghai and Los Angeles.

  • Arrival Sequencing and Holding Patterns

    As plane method Los Angeles Worldwide Airport (LAX), ATC manages their arrival sequence and assigns touchdown slots. In periods of excessive visitors quantity or inclement climate, plane is perhaps positioned in holding patterns, circling at designated altitudes till clearance to land is granted. Holding patterns add to general flight time and contribute to arrival delays. Efficient administration of arriving plane by ATC is essential for minimizing delays and making certain clean airport operations.

  • Communication and Coordination

    ATC maintains fixed communication with pilots, offering updates on climate circumstances, air visitors density, and different related info. Efficient communication and coordination between ATC and flight crews are important for protected and environment friendly air journey. Clear communication facilitates well timed decision-making, contributing to the predictability and administration of flight instances.

Air visitors management procedures instantly affect flight instances between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Departure sequencing, en route routing, arrival administration, and communication protocols carried out by ATC affect the general period of transpacific journeys. Understanding the complexities of ATC operations offers priceless context for comprehending the variability in flight instances and underscores the important position of air visitors administration in making certain protected and environment friendly air journey.

7. Airline Alternative

Airline choice considerably influences the general journey expertise between Shanghai and Los Angeles, impacting not solely consolation and facilities but in addition, crucially, flight period. Completely different airways make use of various route methods, plane sorts, and layover choices, all of which contribute to the whole time spent in transit. Cautious consideration of airline selection is important for managing journey time successfully.

  • Direct vs. Connecting Flights

    Airways provide various route choices, with some offering direct flights and others requiring connections. Direct flights, whereas usually dearer, considerably cut back journey time by eliminating layovers. Connecting flights, steadily supplied at decrease fares, can add a number of hours to the journey relying on the layover period and placement. For example, some airways would possibly route via Seoul, Tokyo, or different hubs, impacting general journey time.

  • Plane Sort and Pace

    Completely different airways make the most of varied plane sorts on the Shanghai to Los Angeles route, every with various cruising speeds. Fashionable plane just like the Boeing 787 Dreamliner or Airbus A350 usually provide sooner cruising speeds in comparison with older fashions, probably lowering flight time. Researching the particular plane utilized by completely different airways permits vacationers to issue plane pace into their decision-making course of.

  • Route Effectivity and Airspace Issues

    Airways make use of various route methods, influenced by elements resembling wind patterns, air visitors management, and airspace restrictions. Extra environment friendly routes, usually leveraging favorable jet stream currents, can cut back journey time. Understanding an airline’s typical routing technique can provide insights into potential flight durations. For instance, airways would possibly prioritize extra northerly routes throughout sure instances of the yr to capitalize on prevailing wind circumstances.

  • Layover Effectivity and Airport Hubs

    For connecting flights, the effectivity of an airline’s hub operations influences general journey time. Airways with well-designed hubs and streamlined switch processes reduce connection instances, lowering the general period of the journey. Conversely, inefficient hubs can result in prolonged layovers and elevated journey time. Contemplate an airline’s hub location and its status for environment friendly connections when evaluating connecting flight choices.

The selection of airline considerably contributes to the whole journey time between Shanghai and Los Angeles. By contemplating elements resembling direct versus connecting flight availability, plane sort, route effectivity, and layover administration, vacationers could make knowledgeable selections that align with their desired journey period and general journey expertise. A radical analysis of airline choices empowers vacationers to optimize for each time effectivity and journey consolation on this demanding transpacific route.

8. Plane Sort

Plane sort performs an important position in figuring out flight period between Shanghai and Los Angeles. The particular plane chosen by an airline for this transpacific route instantly impacts pace, gasoline effectivity, and general journey time. Understanding the connection between plane sort and flight period empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable selections and handle expectations relating to journey size.

  • Cruising Pace and Vary

    Completely different plane fashions possess various cruising speeds and ranges. Fashionable, long-range plane just like the Boeing 787 Dreamliner or Airbus A350 sometimes cruise at increased speeds than older fashions, enabling sooner transpacific crossings. Plane vary additionally influences route choice; longer-range plane can fly extra direct routes, probably lowering journey time in comparison with plane requiring gasoline stops or much less direct flight paths.

  • Gasoline Effectivity and Route Optimization

    Gasoline effectivity instantly impacts flight period, notably on long-haul routes like Shanghai to Los Angeles. Extra fuel-efficient plane can fly longer distances with out refueling, permitting for extra direct routes and probably shorter flight instances. Airways take into account gasoline effectivity when choosing plane for particular routes, balancing operational prices with passenger journey time.

  • Capability and Payload Issues

    Plane capability and payload affect operational selections that may affect flight time. Bigger plane carrying extra passengers and cargo would possibly require longer takeoff and touchdown distances, probably impacting general journey period. Airways stability capability issues with operational effectivity when choosing plane for the Shanghai to Los Angeles route.

  • Technological Developments and Aerodynamics

    Developments in plane expertise, together with improved aerodynamics and engine design, contribute to elevated gasoline effectivity and better cruising speeds. Newer plane fashions usually incorporate these developments, resulting in probably shorter flight instances in comparison with older plane. The continuing evolution of plane expertise continues to affect flight period on long-haul routes like Shanghai to Los Angeles.

The number of plane sort for the Shanghai to Los Angeles route represents a posh determination for airways, balancing elements resembling cruising pace, gasoline effectivity, capability, and technological developments. This selection instantly impacts flight period, underscoring the significance of understanding the connection between plane sort and general journey time for knowledgeable flight choice and sensible expectations relating to journey size.

9. Route Specifics

Route specifics considerably affect the general period of flights between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Variations in flight paths, dictated by elements resembling air visitors management, climate programs, and airline operational methods, instantly affect the space traveled and, consequently, the time spent in transit. Understanding the nuances of route choice offers priceless context for decoding variations in flight instances.

  • Nice Circle Routes and Geographic Issues

    Flights between Shanghai and Los Angeles sometimes comply with nice circle routes, the shortest distance between two factors on a sphere. Nonetheless, as a result of Earth’s rotation and prevailing wind patterns, these routes usually seem curved on conventional two-dimensional maps. Deviations from the best nice circle path, necessitated by air visitors congestion or climate programs, can improve flight distance and period.

  • Jet Stream Impression on Route Choice

    The jet stream, a high-altitude air present, considerably influences route planning. Airways usually regulate flight paths to reap the benefits of tailwinds supplied by the jet stream, lowering journey time on westbound flights. Conversely, eastbound flights would possibly necessitate changes to reduce the affect of headwinds. Differences due to the season within the jet stream’s place and power additional contribute to route changes and subsequent variations in flight period.

  • Airspace Restrictions and Navigational Issues

    Airspace restrictions, imposed for causes resembling navy workouts or political sensitivities, can necessitate deviations from optimum flight paths. Airways should adhere to those restrictions, probably rising flight distance and period. Navigational issues, together with the supply of air navigation aids and communication infrastructure, additionally affect route choice and, consequently, flight instances.

  • Gasoline Effectivity and Route Optimization Methods

    Airways make use of subtle route optimization methods to reduce gasoline consumption and flight period. These methods take into account elements resembling wind circumstances, airspace restrictions, and plane efficiency traits. By optimizing flight paths, airways purpose to stability gasoline effectivity with journey time, impacting the general period of journeys between Shanghai and Los Angeles.

Route specifics characterize an important issue impacting flight instances between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Variations in flight paths, influenced by elements such because the jet stream, airspace restrictions, and airline operational methods, instantly contribute to the general period of transpacific journeys. A complete understanding of those route-related influences offers priceless context for decoding variations in flight instances and underscores the complexities of long-haul flight operations.

Regularly Requested Questions

This part addresses widespread inquiries relating to flight durations between Shanghai and Los Angeles, offering concise and informative responses to facilitate knowledgeable journey planning.

Query 1: What’s the typical flight time for a direct flight from Shanghai to Los Angeles?

Direct flights usually vary from 12 to fifteen hours, relying on elements resembling wind circumstances and particular routing.

Query 2: How does the selection of airline have an effect on the general journey time?

Airline choice influences journey time as a result of elements resembling plane sort, chosen routes, and potential layovers. Some airways prioritize pace, whereas others could provide extra economical routes with longer durations.

Query 3: Do connecting flights considerably improve journey time in comparison with direct flights?

Connecting flights sometimes add to the whole journey time as a result of layovers, which might vary from just a few hours to a complete day relying on the itinerary. Complete journey time for connecting flights can simply exceed 15 hours and sometimes reaches 20 hours or extra.

Query 4: How do differences due to the season affect flight period?

Seasonal elements resembling wind patterns, notably the jet stream, affect flight instances. Westbound flights throughout winter usually profit from tailwinds, probably lowering journey time, whereas eastbound flights would possibly face headwinds, rising period.

Query 5: What position does air visitors management play in figuring out flight instances?

Air visitors management manages departure sequencing, en route routing, and arrival procedures, influencing potential delays and general flight time. Holding patterns and floor delays as a result of congestion contribute to variability in journey period.

Query 6: How can vacationers discover probably the most up-to-date info on flight durations for his or her particular journey?

Consulting on-line journey businesses, airline web sites, and flight monitoring purposes present real-time info on flight schedules and durations for particular dates and routes, accounting for present circumstances and potential delays.

Understanding these steadily requested questions offers a basis for knowledgeable decision-making relating to journey between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Cautious consideration of those elements empowers vacationers to handle expectations and optimize their itineraries successfully.

For additional info and detailed sources, proceed to the subsequent part exploring particular airline routes and schedules.

Suggestions for Managing Shanghai to LAX Flight Time

Optimizing journey time between Shanghai and Los Angeles requires cautious planning and consideration of a number of key elements. The following tips present sensible steering for managing the period and complexities of this transpacific journey.

Tip 1: Prioritize Direct Flights When Time is Important

Direct flights provide important time financial savings in comparison with connecting itineraries, eliminating layover durations and potential delays. Whereas usually dearer, direct flights characterize probably the most time-efficient choice for this long-haul route.

Tip 2: Consider Connecting Flight Layover Durations and Places Fastidiously

When choosing connecting flights, assess layover durations and places meticulously. Excessively brief layovers improve the danger of missed connections, whereas overly lengthy layovers add pointless time to the general journey. Contemplate airport facilities and switch processes when evaluating layover choices.

Tip 3: Contemplate Seasonal Variations and Jet Stream Impression

Seasonal modifications in wind patterns, notably the jet stream, affect flight instances. Westbound flights throughout winter usually profit from tailwinds, whereas eastbound flights would possibly face headwinds. Issue these differences due to the season into journey planning.

Tip 4: Analysis Airline Route Methods and Plane Varieties

Airways make use of various route methods and make the most of completely different plane sorts, impacting general flight period. Researching particular airline routes and plane fashions permits for knowledgeable selections relating to journey time and potential consolation ranges.

Tip 5: Make the most of Flight Monitoring Purposes and Actual-Time Updates

Flight monitoring purposes and airline web sites present real-time updates on flight schedules and potential delays. Staying knowledgeable about present circumstances empowers vacationers to adapt to unexpected circumstances and handle expectations relating to arrival instances.

Tip 6: Pack Strategically for Lengthy-Haul Consolation

Put together for the prolonged period of transpacific flights by packing important objects for consolation. Noise-canceling headphones, eye masks, journey pillows, and comfy clothes improve the in-flight expertise and reduce the affect of lengthy journey instances.

Tip 7: Handle Jet Lag Proactively

The numerous time distinction between Shanghai and Los Angeles contributes to jet lag. Adjusting sleep schedules previous to departure, staying hydrated throughout the flight, and using methods to adapt to the brand new time zone upon arrival reduce the consequences of jet lag.

By implementing these methods, vacationers can successfully handle the period and complexities of journeys between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Knowledgeable planning and proactive measures improve the general journey expertise and reduce the affect of long-haul flight instances.

This assortment of ideas offers sensible steering for navigating the complexities of Shanghai to Los Angeles flight instances. The following conclusion summarizes key takeaways and provides remaining suggestions for optimizing this transpacific journey.

Conclusion

Flight period between Shanghai and Los Angeles represents a important issue influencing journey planning. This exploration has highlighted the multifaceted nature of this transpacific route, emphasizing the affect of direct versus connecting flights, airline selections, plane sorts, route specifics, differences due to the season, wind circumstances, and air visitors management. Every factor contributes to the complexity of predicting and managing general journey time. Cautious consideration of those elements empowers vacationers to make knowledgeable selections and optimize itineraries for effectivity and luxury. The standard 12-15 hour period for direct flights serves as a benchmark, whereas connecting flights introduce variability based mostly on layover durations and places. Seasonal influences, notably the affect of the jet stream, additional contribute to fluctuations in journey time.

Efficient administration of Shanghai to Los Angeles flight durations necessitates proactive planning and a complete understanding of the contributing elements. Leveraging accessible sources, together with airline web sites, flight monitoring purposes, and climate forecasts, permits vacationers to anticipate potential variations and regulate accordingly. Finally, knowledgeable decision-making and strategic planning reduce the affect of lengthy journey instances and contribute to a extra seamless and environment friendly journey expertise on this significant hyperlink between Asia and North America. Continued developments in aviation expertise and operational efficiencies promise additional refinements in managing and probably lowering journey time on this very important worldwide route.